It affects millions of men worldwide, with consequences far beyond mere sexual activity. For 45 years, most of the men underwent ED at least once in life. Many men are also willing to discuss erectile dysfunction with their women and their doctors, so the condition is underestimated. Although erectile dysfunction can occur at any age, usually the oldest man is, the greater the risk. - Central Idea: Erectile dysfunction is a common and important in the lives of men detrimental condition.
2) Anatomy and physiology of penile erection: The penis contains two chambers, called "cavernous bodies" that run along the top of the penis. The urethra, which is the channel for urine and ejaculate, runs along the underside of the corpora cavernosa. Filling the corpora cavernosa is a spongy tissue consisting of smooth muscles, fibrous tissues, spaces, veins and arteries. A membrane, called the "tunica", surrounds the corpora cavernosa. Veins in the tunica albuginea drain blood from the penis. Penile erection may be induced by two different mechanisms. The first is the reflex erection, which is achieved by gently pressing and rubbing the body of the penis directly and continuously. The second is the psychogenic erection, which is achieved by erotic fantasies or imaginary dream. Therefore, sexual stimulation, which may be tactile (reflection) or psychogenic / psychological, generates electrical impulses along nerves of the penis because of nerves and release nitric oxide (NO), wherein the time, the production of cyclic GMP (cGMP) in the smooth muscle cells of the cavernous body increases.
, CGMP causes the smooth muscle relaxation in the corpus cavernosum, which allows blood flowing rapidly into the penis (blood fills the corpora cavernosa, making the penis bigger, stronger and thicker). The consequent pressure compresses the veins in the tunica albuginea helps trap the blood in the corpora cavernosa, thereby sustaining erection.
The erection when cGMP levels is reversed in the corpora cavernosa fall, allowing the smooth muscles of the corpora cavernosa to contract, stopping the flow of blood and opening veins that drain blood from the penis. Levels of cGMP in the cavernous body fall because of an enzyme is inactive, called the 'phosphodiesterase type 5 "(PDE5). - Basic idea: penis erection is caused by the (physical and / or psychological) Sexual / arousal stimulation, leading to inflammation and enlargement of the penis due to local blood pooling conditioned by arterial dilation.
Higher levels of nitric acid and (NO), the oxide in turn increase cyclic GMP (cGMP) - This is the most important vasodilator molecular promote erection cascade. 3) causes (etiology) and Pathophsiology ED: There are many possible causes of erectile dysfunction, which can generally be grouped into three broad categories: Organic / Somatic; Psychogenic / psychological; Mixed / Other. Each class can have subclasses, as an effective way to organize, classify and study each case. Organic / Somatic are those whose origin lies somewhere in the body, organ or tissue; not in the mind or thoughts / emotions.
Therefore, there are many diseases that can cause ED - Endocrine (related to hormones and glands, for example: hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia); Vascular (artery and / or vein, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome related); Neurological (related to the nervous system, the central nervous system (CNS) and / or peripheral nervous system (PNS), for example, a spinal cord injury, neuropathies, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke); Induced by drugs (many drugs can cause erectile dysfunction as a side effect - some antihypertensives and antidepressants are very commonly associated with erectile dysfunction, but there are many more drugs with the potential to cause ED). Commonly, organic / somatic are associated with a worse prognosis;
Atherosclerosis is now recognized as a "sentinel event" in cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. Psychological causes of erection / psychogenic dysfunction are generally the most common; and young men can be affected - the young sexually inexperienced, disease can have ED during the first sexual activity with your partner, because it can get "fear of failure / disappoint his partner."
The belief that the erection will not develop as necessary, therefore, becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy. And besides, for all ages, men who live under psychological stress (overwork, lack of sleep, personal conflicts) can get depressed, anxious, helpless and feel the lack of libido (sexual desire). Then, ED can occur and aggravate existing anxiety, and therefore a "vicious circle" could be set up and become very difficult to treat.
The tone of increased sympathetic vasoconstrictor, high blood levels of circulating norepinephrine / epinephrine appears to play a key role in psychogenic erectile dysfunction. The sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is usually activated by stress, prepare the body for a "fight or flight" response, releasing two major catecholamines (norepinephrine = noradrenalin is released by the sympathetic nerves and adrenaline = = released adrenaline adrenal adrenal glands after stimulation of the sympathetic nerves). This catecholamines induce vasoconstriction (narrowing of the arteries), which makes it more difficult to produce assembly. Although not common, ED may be associated with more severe psychiatric disorder, such as major depression, schizophrenia, substance abuse, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, personality disorders.
There are some other possible causes of erectile dysfunction (mixed / other), but are relatively rare - Penis disorders associated with erectile dysfunction (other primary diseases of the penis such as Peyronie's disease; Epispadias; Post-priapism);
Hematological diseases (blood-related diseases, such as sickle cell anemia, leukemia); Cirrhosis of the liver; hemochromatosis; Scleroderma ... ED causes all converge to a common effect - the dilation of the arteries of the penis and thus no local entrapment of blood occurs. The diagnosis of erectile dysfunction usually starts over patient, and next, the study of nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) is the diagnostic test called to confirm the suspected diagnosis. NPT is spontaneous erections during sleep. All men without going through this, usually several times during sleep.
Therefore, the NPT is crucial test for ED diagnosis because it can indicate (most common) or a psychological cause organic cause - Patients with psychogenic erectile dysfunction have nocturnal erections, which means it does there is no basis / organic somatic for ED. - Basic Ideas: While erectile dysfunction can be caused by a number of serious disorders / diseases; often occurs in men who were healthy and which are temporarily under heavy psychological stress, leading to poor lifestyle, characterized by anxiety, poor sleep and poor nutrition; which leads to erectile dysfunction and malaise and weakness. The causes of erectile dysfunction as a consequence of the meeting that overlap - no dilation of the penile arteries; Therefore, no local blood retention occurs.
The diagnosis of erectile dysfunction is confirmed by testing the NPT. 4) The natural alternative for the treatment of erectile dysfunction be worth it! Everyone is familiar with the names "Viagra", "Levitra" and "Cialis". Viagra (Sildenafil), Levitra (Vardenafil) and Cialis (tadalafil) are drugs that act as inhibitors of PDE5, and are widely prescribed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Few drugs have received much attention and approval that Viagra / Levitra / Cialis, due in part to the efforts of pharmaceutical companies heavy and expensive marketing. Everyone recognizes, yes, Viagra / Levitra / Cialis do the job ... but at what cost to your health!
As with all chemical medications, there are risks and side effects of Viagra / Levitra / Cialis. These drugs have potential side effects, and therefore, all men should be informed about them, because of the use of these drugs. Side Effects Viagra / Levitra / Cialis generally mild to moderate (although not very frequent, sometimes the side effects can be serious or even life-threatening). They generally last from several minutes to several hours after administration.
The most common side effects include nasal congestion (stuffy nose); headache; rinsing (heat or rinsing); dyspepsia (upset stomach). The most serious possible side effects include: sudden vision or hearing loss; angina (chest pain or heavy feeling); cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat); dyspnea (shortness of breath); edema (swelling); priapism (painful condition in which the erect penis does not return to its flaccid state, despite the absence of stimuli to both physical and psychological that lasts at least four hours). On the other hand, there is the possibility that users may become psychologically dependent on it, unable to get an erection without taking Viagra / Levitra / Cialis. Not surprisingly, many men are looking for alternatives; safer natural products that work well and have no side effects. These alternatives Viagra / Levitra / Cialis are not chemical medicines, and provide a more natural and gentle orientation in the direction of better health and sexual and general well-being. Unlike Viagra / Levitra / Cialis, natural alternatives are available without prescription, so they are easy to use - they will not have to waste time and money just to get the prescription sheet and avoid embarrassing and uncomfortable interviews. In addition, natural alternatives Viagra / Levitra / Cialis are cheaper and have additional beneficial actions. They increase blood flow not only to the genitals, but all body organs, including the brain. They also provide the body with several important nutritional compounds such as amino acids, vitamins and minerals for a healthy life.
Therefore, natural alternatives are worth, and they work well, they are safe and inexpensive. 5) best natural products for the treatment of erectile dysfunction: Many natural products can help men with erectile dysfunction; organized primarily as: => Food (nutritional supplements) - L-arginine (amino acid) - Minerals: Zinc; selenium; magnesium - DHEA (De-Hydro-Epi-androsterone) => Herbs / Plants / Vegetables and related natural products (herbal medicine) - Yohimbine; - Panax ginseng (Asia); - Tribulus terrestris; - Ginkgo biloba; - Muira puama (olacoides Ptychopetalum unicatum / Ptychopetalum) - Maca (Lepidium meyenii) - Damiana (Turnera diffusa / Turnera aphrodisiaca) - Forskolin (Coleus forskohlii) - Pycnogenol => Other natural products: - Velvet Antler L-arginine is an amino acid. L-arginine is the precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) (production of cyclic GMP was then increased), and is also required for the synthesis of creatine; and oral ingestion is beneficial not only in men with erectile dysfunction; which has many important health benefits in general: #] Increases blood flow in the arteries throughout the body (not only, but also on the genitals); #] Counter male subfertility / infertility improving sperm production and motility; #] Reduces blood pressure (excellent for people with hypertension); #] Reduces body fat (excellent for overweight / obesity); #] Improves insulin sensitivity (excellent for people with diabetes); #] Reduces the risk of serious heart disease (such as heart attack); #] Increases muscle mass (athletes are like that!); #] Stimulates the release of the most important anti-aging hormone in the body (GH = growth hormone); #] Improves immune function; #] Reduces healing time of injuries. Zinc, such as selenium and magnesium, is an essential element (mineral) necessary for life. Many proteins in human zinc prosthetic groups of the body incorporating a type which is the "zinc finger". It is a cofactor in many biological processes, including DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Zinc cell of about 30% is inside the core. A large number of proteins that play a role in the regulation of gene expression is intended to include zinc. In males, the testes and prostate have particularly high concentrations of zinc. Sites where male hormones bind to cells (androgen receptor) must function correctly zinc. Zinc deficiency significantly reduced testosterone levels, sperm production and can reduce the semen ejaculated lifetime, too. Male fertility seems to be influenced by zinc. Infertile men have lower seminal plasma zinc, with zinc in normal or decreased blood. The depletion of zinc in the short term feed leads to a decrease in testosterone levels in serum, semen volume, and total zinc seed loss per ejaculate. Zinc supplementation improves semen parameters in men with reduced sperm motility. Zinc levels seem to fall into the fluid from tissues of the prostate and prostate cancer in men with prostate cancer. Zinc also plays a role in immune function, wound healing; behavior and learning; taste and smell; blood clotting; function of the thyroid hormone, and insulin action. In addition, zinc is necessary for the hepatic synthesis of "Retinol binding protein" (RBP), the protein may appear transport of vitamin A. Without sufficient symptoms of zinc deficiency of vitamin A, vitamin despite extensive TO. Magnesium, such as zinc and selenium, is a higher importance of minerals, which acts as a cofactor in many biochemical reactions in the human body. It plays a key role in the production and transfer of biological energy (ATP = adenosine triphosphate), muscle contraction and relaxation, nerve conduction in protein synthesis ... As respects closer to erectile dysfunction, it should be emphasized that the magnesium promotes the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) of the oxide, which quickly leads to an amplification of the cGMP cellular signaling, leading to arterial dilatation - as we have said, is the physiological basis for the erection of the penis. Beyond ED, magnesium is important for other medical / health conditions; So magnesium intake should always be encouraged. The same ideas apply to selenium ... Selenium is a key component of glutathione peroxidase system, which acts as an antioxidant. It works in coordination with vitamins A, C, E to prevent oxidative damage to cells ("oxidative stress"). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are free radicals of oxygen metabolism. The production of ROS, such as superoxide (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (OH-), typically occurs in the cells.
ROS plays an important role in many cellular physiological processes. "Oxidative stress" is a condition that occurs when high concentrations of ROS are defeated antioxidant defenses against oxidative damage. This is the pathophysiological basis of the most serious diseases. All organs of the body need to have enough strong antioxidant defenses. Selenium supplementation is beneficial not only to the genitals; all organs become healthier with it! Pycnogenol also acts as an antioxidant. This is an extract from the French maritime pine bark. Pycnogenol contains several active components including flavonoids monomers such as catechin, epicatechin and taxifolin. Also contains procyanidins condensates (also known as proanthocyanidins, flavonoids) such as procyanidin B1, B3, B6, B7 and which are dimers, oligomers and polymers of catechin and epicatechin.
Pycnogenol also contains phenolic acids gallic, ferulic, caffeic, vanillic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and protocatechuic acid and its esters and glucose glycosides. Ginkgo biloba is synonymous with Chinese unique species of tree with no conspecifics living nearby. The useful parts are ginkgo leaf and seed. Ginkgo leaf is the most common form of ginkgo, usually as an extract. And ginkgo leaf extract contains numerous active components including flavonoids, terpenoids and organic acids. Many ginkgo leaf extracts are standardized to contain 24% to 25% flavonoid glycosides and 6% terpenoids. The main flavonoids are mainly from the routine and isorhamnetin include flavonols, quercetin, kaempferol, and proanthocyanidins. Terpenoids are the primary ginkgolides A, B, C, M and J and bilobalide.
Although many of the components of ginkgo has intrinsic pharmacological effects individually, nothing indicates that the components work synergistically to produce more powerful than any individual component of pharmacological effects. Ginkgo leaf products have powerful antioxidant; inhibit platelet aggregation (blocking blood coagulation, anticoagulation) and also relax the smooth muscle of the artery wall, which increases blood flow. These are the reasons why Ginkgo leaf products are so important for people suffering from erectile dysfunction and / or many other conditions. Labdane diterpene forskolin is produced by the Indian Coleus plant (Coleus forskohlii). Forskolin stimulates and activates the enzyme adenylate cyclase in the heart and smooth muscle. This leads to the production inflated cyclic AMP (cAMP), which causes the calcium channel to open and increase in intracellular calcium concentrations, leading to an increase of the contractility of the cardiac muscle and smooth muscle relaxation (to thus acts as a vasodilator)
. Panax ginseng is used as an "adaptogen" to increase resistance to environmental stress and as a general tonic for the welfare improvement. The useful part of the Panax ginseng is the root. Contains several active components. The most important components are the triterpenoid saponins which are collectively called ginsenosides or panaxosides. Other constituents include pectin, B vitamins, and various flavonoids. Panax ginseng has vasodilator and antioxidant action, and also improves libido. Maca (Lepidium meyenii) It is a hardy plant and long cultivated in the Andes mountains. The relevant part of maca is the root. Dried maca root is 59% carbohydrate; Protein 10.2%; 8.5% of fibers; and 2.2% of lipids including linolenic, palmitic and oleic acids. It also contains sterols such as campesterol, stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol; and large quantities of minerals such as iron, calcium and copper. Two polyunsaturated fatty acids, macaene macamide compounds and are used as markers for the maca. Lipid extracts Macaene and sexual activity macamide increase and improve ED. This stimulating plant is also cited as Peruvian ginseng (although maca does not belong to the same family as ginseng); because, like ginseng, maca increases strength, energy, stamina, libido and sexual function. Yohimbe corresponds to a height of continuing evergreen tree of West Africa, known as yohimbe or yohimbine Pausinystalia Corynanthe. The relevant part of the bark of Yohimbe is. Constituting the sensitive to the effects of yohimbine alkaloid yohimbine is. Yohimbe bark has about 6% of yohimbine. Yohimbe aphrodisiac actions are due to genital dilation of blood vessels, nerve impulse transmission of genital tissue, and increased excitability reflected in the sacral spinal cord. Yohimbine constituting quickly penetrates the central nervous system (CNS) and acts primarily by blocking the alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. Also monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibiting, blocking the calcium channels, and the effects of receptor blocking peripheral serotonin. Yohimbine consequences are mediated by impotence both increased blood flow into the penis and increased sympathetic excitatory impulses plants for genital tissues.
Muira puama (Ptychopetalum unicatum / olacoides Ptychopetalum) It is a small tree that grows up to 5 meters high and is native to the Brazilian Amazon and other parts of the Amazon rainforest. Gender Ptychopetalum is short - only two species of small trees grow in tropical regions of South America, and five in tropical Africa. Both varieties from South America, P. olacoides (seen in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname) and P. uncinatum (found only in Brazil) are used interchangeably in the plans of herbal medicines in America South. The type of olacoides is generally chosen because it has a high content of lupeol (one of the plant active phytochemical compounds). A totally different species of Brazilian tree, Liriosma ovata, also goes by the common name of muira puama (and often distributed in commerce as such);
However, it is quite different from a tree with a different phytochemical constitution. Historically, integral components of muira puama have been used medicinally, but the bark and roots are the most used parts of the plant. The root and bark are rich in fatty acids and fatty acid esters (master behenic acid), essential oils (including beta-caryophyllene and alpha-humulene), plant sterols, triterpenes (lupeol including), and an alkaloid called muirapuamine. The active components include free fatty acids, long chain sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes and new alkaloids. Revision, the main plant substances in muira puama to include: copaene alpha, alpha-elemene, alpha-guaiene, alpha-humulene, alpha-muurolene, alpha-pinene, the alpha-acid resin, alpha-terpinene, arachidic acid, aromadendren allocation, behenic acid, beta-bisabolene,
beta-caryophyllene, beta-pinene, beta-rosin acid, the beta-sitosterol, beta-transfarnesene, borneol, campesterol, camphene, camphor, car-3-ene, caryophyllene, cerotic acid, chromium, coumarin, cubebene, delta-cadinene, the 'dotriacontanoic acid, elixene, ergosterol, eugenol, essential oils, gamma-muurolene, hentriacontanoic acid, heptacosanoic acid, lignoceric acid, limonene, linalool, lupeol, melissic acid, montanic acid, muirapuamine, myrcene, the nonacosanoic acid, para-cymene, pentacosanoico acid phlobaphene, stigmasterols the uncosanic trichosanic acid and acid. In the mouth, muira puama is often used to prevent sexual disorders, and as an aphrodisiac.
Increases libido and improves the ability to maintain an erection; and further acts as an adaptogen, anti-fatigue, anti-stress. It can be used alone or in combination with other herbs. It is also used (oral) as a nerve stimulant, dyspepsia, menstrual irregularities, rheumatism, paralysis caused by polio, a general tonic, and as an appetite stimulant. Damiana (Turnera diffusa / Turnera aphrodisiaca) is a shrub native to Central America, Mexico, South America and the Caribbean. The part of the medicinal plant is its leaves, which are harvested during the flowering season. Damiana is found throughout Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, and parts of South America. Damiana and T. aphrodisiaca are generally considered the same plant in herbal commerce. A closely related species, T. ulmifolia is similar in appearance, but has different traditional medicinal uses. The Latin botanical name of the plant, Turnera aphrodisiaca reports of its former use as an aphrodisiac.
With an ancient history and traditional uses of the world, it is not surprising that the plant appears in many books on medicinal plants published worldwide. Damiana is also widely obtainable in health food stores and natural products in a variety of forms - from tea blends, capsules and tablets to liquid extracts and tinctures. Most doctors decide to apply Damiana herb in combination with other medicinal plants; therefore, it can be found in a combination of several herbal formulas power, weight loss, depression, hormonal balance and general tonic.
Damiana components comprise up to 35 flavonoid compounds including terpenoids, saccharides, and cyanogenic glycosides. These include triacontane, beta-sitosterol, hexacosanol, 5-hydroxy-7,3,4-trimethoxy flavone, arbutin, tannins, resins, hydroquinone glycosides, luteolin acid acid 8-EC-propenoic acid, and others. DHEA (De-Hydro-Epi-androsterone / dehydroepiandrosterone); is a natural steroid prohormone cholesterol basic by the adrenal glands, gonads, adipose tissue, brain and skin (by an autocrine mechanism). DHEA is the precursor of androstenedione, which can undergo a further conversion to produce the androgen testosterone and estrogens estrone and estradiol. DHEA is a potent agonist sigma-1 well. Orally, DHEA is used to retard or reverse the aging, weight loss, metabolic syndrome, and cognitive growth and immune function.
It is also used to increase the strength, energy and muscle mass. Taking DHEA orally for 24 weeks improves erectile dysfunction, orgasmic function, libido and overall sexual satisfaction in men with erectile dysfunction. The active parts of Tribulus terrestris are leaves, fruits and roots. Tribulus terrestris contains saponins such as diosgenin and protodioscin, flavonoids and alkaloids.Tribulus terrestris increases testosterone levels, luteinizing hormone (LH), DHEA, and di-hydro-testosterone. LH is the pituitary hormone that signals the natural production of testosterone. Therefore, libido; and production and sperm motility are improved.
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